The occurrence of a stressful event is considered to increase the risk of developing depression. In the present study we explore whether the breakup of a romantic relationship can be used as an experimental model to study a depression-like state during a period of stress in individuals without a psychiatric disorder. The primary aim of our colombiancupid study was to investigate: 1) whether individuals with a recent romantic relationship breakup (‘‘heartbreak”) demonstrate symptoms of depression, 2) how to describe heartbreak characteristics based on data from a comprehensive questionnaire battery, and 3) whether this description can capture severity of depression symptoms. Secondary, we were interested in gender differences with regard to the above study objectives. Subjects who have experienced a relationship breakup in the preceding six months (N = 71) or are in a romantic relationship (N = 46) participated in our study. A questionnaire battery was administered to acquire information related to depression, mood, the breakup and (former) relationship. Principal Component Analysis with Procrustes bootstrapping was performed to extract components from the questionnaire data. Even though our sample of individuals who recently have experienced a relationship breakup can be on average considered non-depressed, group-level depression scores were elevated compared to individuals in a relationship (p = .001) and 26.8% reported symptoms corresponding to mild, moderate or severe depression. We described heartbreak by two principal components interpreted as ‘‘sudden loss” and ‘‘lack of positive affect”, respectively. Highly significant correlations between the component scores and depression scores were found (p < .001 and p < .001, respectively), although these correlations differed between the genders. Based on these findings, we propose that the experience of a romantic relationship breakup is a viable experimental model to examine symptoms of depression in individuals without a psychiatric disorder. This way, stress-related coping and depression vulnerability can be studied in further research.
Citation: Verhallen Am, Renken RJ, ) Connection separation: An experimental model to analyze aftereffects of stress on despair (-like) episodes. PLoS One 14(5): e0217320.
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Partnership break up: A fresh model to analyze outcomes of strain on anxiety (-like) symptoms
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Funding: The analysis is actually funded by the a contribution regarding Mr Hazewinkel so you can the study College or university off Behavioral and you may Intellectual Neurosciences and you can Prof G.J. ter Horst. Mr Hazewinkel had no role within the data design, studies collection and you may analysis, choice to post, otherwise thinking of manuscript.
Introduction
Stressful life-events are thought are exposure factors on development of depression. Kendler et al. investigated the new interplay ranging from tiring situations, genetic predisposition and you can despair one of females twins and discovered you to one another inheritance and you can thickness of exhausting incidents led to the brand new onset of depressive attacks separately. Particularly occurrences with high impression, including loss of an almost cherished one and you can separation, raised the chances of developing a great depressive event, although the majority of people do not write a depressive episode after the connection with an unpleasant experiences. And this, browse centering on tiring and you may mentally hurtful situations can give worthwhile information towards the personal differences away from stress-associated coping therefore the results of fret and you may despair.